Structure and mechanism of an ADP-glucose phosphorylase from Arabidopsis thaliana.

TitleStructure and mechanism of an ADP-glucose phosphorylase from Arabidopsis thaliana.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2006
AuthorsMcCoy JG, Arabshahi A, Bitto E, Bingman CA, Ruzicka FJ, Frey PA, Phillips GN
JournalBiochemistry
Volume45
Issue10
Pagination3154-62
Date Published2006 Mar 14
ISSN0006-2960
KeywordsAdenosine Diphosphate, Adenosine Diphosphate Glucose, Amino Acid Sequence, Arabidopsis Proteins, Binding Sites, Catalysis, Crystallography, X-Ray, Enzyme Activation, Escherichia coli, Glucose-1-Phosphate Adenylyltransferase, Humans, Kinetics, Models, Molecular, Molecular Sequence Data, Nucleotidyltransferases, Phosphates, Protein Conformation, Protein Folding, Sequence Alignment, Sequence Analysis, Protein, Structure-Activity Relationship, UDPglucose-Hexose-1-Phosphate Uridylyltransferase, Zinc
Abstract

The X-ray crystal structure of the At5g18200.1 protein has been determined to a nominal resolution of 2.30 A. The structure has a histidine triad (HIT)-like fold containing two distinct HIT-like motifs. The sequence of At5g18200.1 indicates a distant family relationship to the Escherichia coli galactose-1-P uridylyltransferase (GalT): the determined structure of the At5g18200.1 protein confirms this relationship. The At5g18200.1 protein does not demonstrate GalT activity but instead catalyzes adenylyl transfer in the reaction of ADP-glucose with various phosphates. The best acceptor among those evaluated is phosphate itself; thus, the At5g18200.1 enzyme appears to be an ADP-glucose phosphorylase. The enzyme catalyzes the exchange of (14)C between ADP-[(14)C]glucose and glucose-1-P in the absence of phosphate. The steady state kinetics of exchange follows the ping-pong bi-bi kinetic mechanism, with a k(cat) of 4.1 s(-)(1) and K(m) values of 1.4 and 83 microM for ADP-[(14)C]glucose and glucose-1-P, respectively, at pH 8.5 and 25 degrees C. The overall reaction of ADP-glucose with phosphate to produce ADP and glucose-1-P follows ping-pong bi-bi steady state kinetics, with a k(cat) of 2.7 s(-)(1) and K(m) values of 6.9 and 90 microM for ADP-glucose and phosphate, respectively, at pH 8.5 and 25 degrees C. The kinetics are consistent with a double-displacement mechanism that involves a covalent adenylyl-enzyme intermediate. The X-ray crystal structure of this intermediate was determined to 1.83 A resolution and shows the AMP group bonded to His(186). The value of K(eq) in the direction of ADP and glucose-1-P formation is 5.0 at pH 7.0 and 25 degrees C in the absence of a divalent metal ion, and it is 40 in the presence of 1 mM MgCl(2).

DOI10.1021/bi052232m
Alternate JournalBiochemistry
PubMed ID16519510
PubMed Central IDPMC2532824
Grant ListGM074901 / GM / NIGMS NIH HHS / United States
GM30480 / GM / NIGMS NIH HHS / United States
GM64598 / GM / NIGMS NIH HHS / United States
LM007359 / LM / NLM NIH HHS / United States
R01 GM030480-15 / GM / NIGMS NIH HHS / United States
RR07707 / RR / NCRR NIH HHS / United States