Intravenous and Inhaled Milrinone in Adult Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Pairwise and Network Meta-Analysis.

TitleIntravenous and Inhaled Milrinone in Adult Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Pairwise and Network Meta-Analysis.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2018
AuthorsRong LQ, Rahouma M, Abouarab A, Di Franco A, Calautti NM, Fitzgerald MM, Arisha MJ, Ibrahim DA, Girardi LN, Pryor KO, Gaudino M
JournalJ Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth
Date Published2018 Aug 31
ISSN1532-8422
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the evidence on the hemodynamic, echocardiographic, and clinical effects of inhaled and intravenous milrinone (iMil and IvMil) in adult cardiac surgery patients.

DESIGN: Systematic review, pairwise and network meta-analysis.

SETTING: Multi-institutional.

PARTICIPANTS: Adult cardiac surgery patients.

INTERVENTIONS: Comparison between iMil and IvMil versus other agents or placebo.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The primary endpoints were mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP) and peripheral vascular resistance (PVR). Secondary endpoints included the following: (1) mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and cardiac index (CI); (2) echocardiographic data; and (3) clinical outcomes. Random model, leave-one-out-analysis, and meta-regression were used. Thirty studies (6 iMil and 24 IvMil) were included for a total of 1,438 patients (194 iMil and 521 IvMil). IvMil was associated with a lower MPAP, lower PVR, and higher CI compared to placebo (standardized mean difference [SMD] = -0.22 [95% CI = -0.48 to 0.05], SMD = -0.49 [95% CI = -0.71 to -0.27], and SMD = 0.94 [95% CI = 0.51 to 1.37]). No difference in any outcome was found between iMil and placebo. At network meta-analysis, significantly lower PVR and shorter hospital length of stay were found for IvMil compared to iMil (SMD = -0.82 [95% CI = -1.53 to -0.10] and SMD = -0.50 [95% CI = -0.95 to -0.05], respectively).

CONCLUSION: These results support the clinical use of IvMil in cardiac surgery patients. No evidence at present supports the adoption of iMil.

DOI10.1053/j.jvca.2018.08.208
Alternate JournalJ. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth.
PubMed ID30287183