An update on postoperative delirium: Clinical features, neuropathogenesis, and perioperative management.

TitleAn update on postoperative delirium: Clinical features, neuropathogenesis, and perioperative management.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2018
AuthorsSafavynia SA, Arora S, Pryor KO, GarcĂ­a PS
JournalCurr Anesthesiol Rep
Volume8
Issue3
Pagination252-262
Date Published2018 07 04
ISSN1523-3855
Abstract

Purpose of Review: We present a focused review on postoperative delirium for anesthesiologists, encompassing clinical features, neuropathogenesis, and clinical identification and management strategies based on risk factors and current delirium treatments.

Recent Findings: The literature on postoperative delirium is dominated by non-experimental studies. We review delirium phenotypes, diagnostic criteria, and present standard nomenclature based on current literature. Disruption of cortical integration of complex information (CICI) may provide a framework to understand the neuropathogenesis of postoperative delirium, as well as risk factors and clinical modifiers in the perioperative period. We further divide risk factors into patient factors, surgical factors, and medical/pharmacological factors, and present specific considerations for each in the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative periods.

Summary: Postoperative delirium is prevalent, poorly understood, and often missed with current screening techniques. Proper identification of risk factors is useful for perioperative interventions and can help tailor patient-specific management strategies.

Alternate JournalCurr Anesthesiol Rep
PubMed ID30555281
PubMed Central IDPMC6290904
Grant ListIK2 BX001677 / BX / BLRD VA / United States